No, not necessarily. Products should be configured in a way to ensure safety and security.
Example 1: Electric mortice lock can be set as fail secure, with vestibule function. This means that the inside handle is always free, and the outside handle will be locked when there is no power to the lock.
Example 2: Electric strike can be set as fail secure and used with a vestibule function lock. The lock will provide the egress and the strike will remain secure when there is no power to it.
The electro-magnet requires power to energise the magnet.
Yes, this is a rapidly growing area and there are many options available, using patch fittings and adhesives as alternatives for mounting. There is a product catalogue dedicated to this area, called “Electro-Mechanical Locks for Glass Doors”
This is usually a result of the strike being subject to pre-load conditions. When the door is rattled, it briefly removes the pre-load, allowing the strike to release.
Electro-magnetic locks can suffer from a significant reduction in holding force if the lock and armature become misaligned. A mag lock should not be the only item securing a door.
